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Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a disorder characterized by sudden symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) along with other neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, mood swings, depressions, aggressions, oppositional behaviors, behavioral regression (baby talk), deterioration in school performance and/or handwriting, sudden twitches, movements, or sounds that people do repeatedly, known as tics, sleep disturbances, changes in urinary frequency.
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS), is a subset of PANS characterized by very sudden symptoms (within a couple days) of OCD along with other neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients with PANDAS, unlike PANS, have also been recently diagnosed with streptococcal infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever.